Which right or freedom is guaranteed by the First Amendment?

The First Amendment to the United States Constitution is primarily focused on protecting individual freedoms related to expression and belief. Among its key provisions, the right to free speech is guaranteed, meaning individuals have the freedom to express their ideas and opinions without government interference or regulation. This right is crucial to a functioning democracy, as it allows for open dialogue, dissenting opinions, and the sharing of diverse viewpoints.

The other options pertain to different amendments or legal concepts. The right to bear arms is addressed in the Second Amendment, the right to a fair trial is part of the Sixth Amendment, and the right to vote is protected by several amendments, including the Fifteenth, Nineteenth, and Twenty-fourth. Therefore, while all these rights are important in the context of American liberties, only the right to free speech is explicitly secured by the First Amendment.