What determines the number of Representatives a state has in Congress?

The number of Representatives a state has in Congress is determined by the state's population. This principle is rooted in the constitutional requirement that the House of Representatives be apportioned among the states based on population, as reflected in the decennial census. Each state is guaranteed at least one Representative, but those with larger populations are allocated more representatives. This system is designed to ensure that each state's representation in the House reflects its share of the national population, which emphasizes the importance of populous states having a louder voice in legislative matters.

The other factors listed, such as the state's area, the amount of federal funding received, or the geographical location, do not play a role in determining the number of Representatives. Population is the sole parameter used for this purpose, making it crucial for understanding the dynamics of political representation in Congress.