What are the two parts of the U.S. Congress?

The correct answer identifies the two parts of the U.S. Congress as the Senate and the House of Representatives. This structure is foundational to the legislative branch of the federal government, as established by the Constitution. The Senate consists of 100 members, two from each state, serving staggered six-year terms, which provides stability and continuity. The House of Representatives, on the other hand, is made up of 435 members whose representation is based on state populations, serving two-year terms that promote responsiveness to the electorate. This bicameral system was designed intentionally to balance the interests of both small and large states and to ensure a range of perspectives in the legislative process.

In contrast, one option refers to the "Senate and Assembly," which mislabels the lower chamber of Congress since the correct term is "House of Representatives." The reference to "House of Commons and Senate" pertains to the legislative branch of Canada, not the United States. Lastly, the inclusion of "Legislative and Judicial" inaccurately mixes the functions of different branches of government; Congress is solely part of the legislative branch, while the judicial branch is comprised of the courts, which interpret laws. Thus, the correct identification of the two components of Congress is crucial for understanding the